PNEUMATIC VICE.

A pneumatic vice is a mechanical screw apparatus used for holding or clamping a workpiece to allow work to be performed on it with tools such as saws, planes, drills, mills, screwdrivers, sandpaper, etc. Vices usually have one fixed jaw and another parallel jaw which is moved towards or away from the fixed jaw by the screw. Vice is used to drill wood, metal, etc. by holding your workpiece tightly, it gives you all the stability you need so you can make precise cuts.

A pneumatic system consists of a group of pneumatic components connected together so that a signal (compressed air) is passed through the system to make something happen at the output. These groups of components can be divided into five categories according to their function in the pneumatic vice circuit as follows:

PNEUMATIC VICE ELEMENT

Supply elements:

these elements are the sources of power that drive the system which is the compressors.

Input elements:

 these elements are used to send signals to the final control elements and come in two forms; either as components that are actuated by the operator like push buttons or sensors that determine the status of the power elements such as limit switches and proximity sensors.

Processing elements:

these elements may perform operations on the input signal before sending the signal to the final control elements such as non-return valves, directional control valves, and presser control valves.

Final control elements:

to control the motion of actuators such as directional control valves.

Power elements (actuators):

these are the outputs of the pneumatic system which use the stored potential energy to perform a certain task such as pneumatic cylinders and motors.

MAIN COMPONENT OF PNEUMATIC VICE

Compressor

Direction Control Valve

Flow Control Valve

Double Acting Cylinder

Compressor

A compressor can compress air to the required pressures. It can convert the mechanical energy from motors and engines into the potential energy in compressed air A single central compressor can supply various pneumatic components with compressed air, which is transported through pipes from the cylinder to the pneumatic components. Compressors can be divided into two classes: reciprocator and rotary.

Direction control valve

Directional control valves ensure the flow of air between airports by opening, closing and switching their internal connections. Their classification is determined by the number of ports, the number of switching positions, the normal position of the valve and its method of operation.

Flow control valve 

A flow control valve is formed by a non-return valve and a variable throttle.

Double action cylinder 

In a double-acting cylinder, air pressure is applied alternately to the relative surface of the piston, producing a propelling force and a retracting force As the effective area of the piston is small, the thrust produced during retraction is relatively weak. The impeccable tubes of double-acting cylinders are usually made of steel. 

PNEUMATIC VICE SYSTEM

High effectiveness

Many factories have equipped their production lines with compressed air supplies and movable compressors. There is an unlimited supply of air in our atmosphere to produce compressed air.

High durability and reliability

Pneumatic components are extremely durable and cannot be damaged easily. Compared to electromotive components, pneumatic components are more durable and reliable.

Simple design

The designs of pneumatic components are relatively simple. They are thus more suitable for use in simple automatic control systems.

High adaptability to the harsh environment

Compared to the elements of other systems, compressed air is less affected by high temperature, dust, corrosion, etc

ADVANTAGES

• Quick operation.
• Stable and rigid design.
• Extremely high clamping force. 
• High accuracy and repeatability.
• Reduces production costs.
• Design is compact and very simple to operate requiring almost no maintenance.
• It can be mounted horizontally or vertically.

DISADVANTAGES 

• Relatively low accuracy
• Low loading
• The processing required before use
• Uneven moving speed
• Noise

APPLICATION OF PNEUMATIC VICE

• Transport system

 When the button switch is pushed, the cylinder will push one of the goods from the shelf onto the transfer belt. When the button switch is released, the cylinder will retract automatically.

• Vehicle door operation system.

pneumatic systems can be used to operate the doors of public vehicles Assuming that the opening and closing of the doors are controlled by two button switches ON and OFF. 

CONCLUSION

The PAL can be considered as a simple model of the human larynx with a fixed pair of vocal folds driven exclusively by the variations of the intraoral and subglottal pressure values and without any neural/neuro-muscular input from the missing larynx. 

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