HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE. 

A hydraulic floor crane is a type of machine, it can be widely used to lift the products like less weight or heavyweight blocks, machines, workpieces and etc.

It is an essence of our economic life and growth is dependent on a great part upon the continued improvement and development of the electronic and mechanical field.

The hydraulic cranes used in the industry are efficient but they only have the ability to lift the load and put it down at some other position. In this general design, the arm of the crane moves in the vertical plane only, i.e it has constrained motion. The aim of our project is to redesign the hydraulic crane and give its arm the rotational ability. The ball bearing provides rotational motion to the column. The hydraulic crane was invented in Newcastle by William Armstrong in about 1845 to help load coal into barges at the Quayside.

PARTS OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE 

• Baseplate/ Truck/Pallet
• Vertical column3.
• Ball bearings
• Horizontal arm
• Hook
• Nuts and Bolt
• Wheels
• Pulley
• Hydraulic jack

TYPE OF HYDRAULIC CRANE

1. Truck Cranes.
2. Crawler-Mounted Cranes
3. Overhead crane
4. Tower Cranes

1. Truck Cranes

A crane mounted on a truck carrier provides mobility for this type of crane. This crane has two parts: the carrier, often referred to as the Lower, and the lifting component which includes the boom, referred to as the Upper. These are mated together through a turntable, allowing the upper to swing from side to side.

2. Crawler-Mounted Cranes

Crawler cranes have both advantages and disadvantages depending on their use. Their main advantage is that they can move around on-site and perform each lift with little set-up since the crane is stable on its tracks with no outriggers. In addition, a crawler crane is capable of traveling with a load. The main disadvantage is that they are very heavy, and cannot easily be moved from one job site to another without significant expense.

3. Overhead crane

Overhead crane being used in a typical machine shop. The hoist is operated via a wired pushbutton station to move the system and the load in any direction. An overhead crane, also known as a bridge crane, is a type of crane where the hook-and-line mechanism runs along a horizontal beam that itself runs along two widely separated rails. Often it is in a long factory building and runs along rails along the building’s two long walls.

4. Tower Cranes

Tower cranes are a modern form of balance crane that consist of the same basic parts. Fixed to the ground on a concrete slab (and sometimes attached to the sides of structures as well), tower cranes often give the best combination of height and lifting capacity and are used in the construction of tall buildings. The base is then attached to the mast which gives the crane its height. Further, the mast is attached to the slewing unit (gear and motor) that allows the crane to rotate. 

WORKING PRINCIPLE 

When the ac motor is turned on it tends to activate the rotor pump which is directly coupled to the motor shaft with the help of coupling. Due to the activation of pump the oil from the reservoir is raised with the help of suction pressure created by the pump to reach the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is coupled to the hydraulic cylinder which is mounted between frame and lifting arm. When the valve is activated by means of lever by the operator, then the pressurized fluid enters the cylinder, which tends to retract the piston outwards.

APPLICATION OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE 

Cranes exist in an enormous variety of forms – each tailored to a specific use. Sometimes sizes range from the smallest jib cranes, used inside workshops, to the tallest tower cranes, used for constructing high buildings. For a while, mini – cranes are also used for constructing high buildings, in order to facilitate constructions by reaching tight spaces. Finally, we can find larger floating cranes, generally used to build oil rigs and salvage sunken ships.

FEATURES 

• Overload safety
• Lifting/lowering speed control
• Position holding by check valve
• Hydro-mechanical lock
• Hose burst safety valves
• Electrical safety interlocks
• Simple to use and maintain
• Compact structure

ADVANTAGES 

• Simple in construction.
• Less maintenance.
• The initial cost is less. 
• The materials used for fabrication is easily available
• In the consumer markets. 

DISADVANTAGES

• Possibility of leakage of oil
• Load can’t carry an angle
• Hydraulic fluid is highly corrosive

CONCLUSION

In this paper, we found that the Hydraulic Floor crane mechanism is capable of lifting load. We analyze that design and fabrication was a great success both in terms of strength and stiffness.

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