BEAM ENGINE.

A beam engine is a type of steam engine where a pivoted overhead beam is used to apply the force from a vertical piston to a vertical connecting rod. This configuration, with the engine directly driving a pump, was first used by Thomas Newcomen around 1705 to remove water from mines in Cornwall. The efficiency of the engines was improved by engineers including James Watt, who added a separate condenser; Jonathan Hornblower and Arthur Woolf, who compounded the cylinders; and William McNaught, who devised a method of compounding an existing engine. Beam engines were first used to pump water out of mines or into canals but could be used to pump water to supplement the flow for a waterwheel powering a mill.

PRINCIPLE OF BEAM ENGINE

A beam engine is a type of steam engine where a pivoted overhead beam is used to apply the force from a vertical piston to a vertical connecting rod. Beam engine works on the crank and lever mechanism.

PARTS OF BEAM MOTOR

1. Crank;-
   Machines of several types of arms or levers for imparting rotary or oscillatory motion to a rotating shaft. One end of the crank being fixed to the shaft and the other end is receiving reciprocating motion from the hand, connecting rod, etc.
2. Connecting rod;-
   A connecting rod is a shaft which connects a lever to a crank or crankshaft in a beam engine. Together with the crank, it forms a simple mechanism that converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion. A connecting rod may also convert reciprocating motion into a rotating motion.
3. Lever;-
   A lever is a machine member which is used to transmit the motion from the connecting rod to a punching tool.
4.  Base support;-
   It is fixed on the floor and it supports the lever while transmitting the motion during punching of the metal sheets.
5. Punch tool;-
   It is used to make holes on thin metal sheets. one end is connected to the lever from which the motion is transmitted and the other end is used to make a punch on metal sheets.
6. Work-table;-
   It is fixed on the floor and it has a conveyer to give automatic feed to the punching tool to make holes on metal sheets.it is also used to hold the workpiece.

WORKING OF RADAR ENGINE

A crank is an arm attached at a right angle to a rotating shaft by which reciprocating motion is imparted to or received from the shaft. It is used to convert circular motion into reciprocating motion, or vice versa. The arm may be a bent portion of the shaft or a separate arm or disk attached to it. Attached to the end of the crank by a pivot is a rod, usually called a connecting rod. The end of the rod attached to the crank moves in a circular motion, while the other end is usually constrained to move in a linear sliding motion. The term often refers to a human-powered crank that is used to manually turn an axle, as in a bicycle crankset or a brace and billet drill.

USE OF BEAM TURBINE

A beam engine is a type of steam engine where a pivoted overhead beam is used to apply the force from a vertical piston to a vertical connecting rod. This configuration, with the engine directly driving a pump, was first used by Thomas Newcomen around 1705 to remove water from mines in Cornwall.

ADVANTAGES OF BEAM ENGINE

1. A wide range of fuel can be used to generate steam in the boiler.
2. Boiler and the Beam can be placed apart.
3. Steam can be condensed to water to use again.
4. Beam engine can be used where there is no other type of power source is available.

DISADVANTAGES

1. They occupy more floor area as compare to modern engines.
2. The beam engine parts are more prone to rusting.
3. Modern engines are very compact as compared to beam engines.
4. The starting time of the beam engine is much more as compared to modern instant start engines.

CONCLUSION;-
We hereby conclude that the beam engine mechanism is generally used to convert reciprocating motion into rotary motion, but here we are using this mechanism to convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion. We are attaching a punching tool to this mechanism, which performs punching operation. By giving automatic feed to punching tool through a table, punching operation is continued.

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